In a first, Japanese astronomers have depicted a monstrous galaxy near the edge of universe with unprecedented detail.
The
monstrous galaxy called Session Description Protocol (SDP).81 is
located 11.7 billion light-years away from the Earth in the
constellation called Hydra. The researchers used the Atacama Large
Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) located in the Atacama desert,
northern Chile, with the assistance of a "natural telescope" known as a
gravitational lens.
The team modelled the lensing effects and
corrected them to reveal the distribution of huge stellar cradles in the
monstrous galaxy.
The same model, developed by Yoichi Tamura and
Masamune Oguri, assistant professors at the University of Tokyo, also
indicates the existence of a supermassive black hole at the centre of
the foreground galaxy.
Using their model, they corrected for
lensing effects and revealed that SDP.81 is a monstrous galaxy forming
stars at hundreds to thousands of times the rate, we see in the Milky
Way.
This is the first time astronomers have been able to reveal
the inner structure of such a distant galaxy. The model shows that the
fine structures in the ring reflect the inner structure of SDP.81.
Researchers
found that several dust clouds with sizes of 200 - 500 light-years are
distributed within an elliptic region 5,000 light-years across.
The
dust clouds are thought to be giant molecular clouds, the birthplaces
of stars and planets. The clouds in SDP.81 have sizes similar to those
found in our Milky Way and nearby galaxies
"This discovery is an
important step to understand the evolutionary process of starburst
galaxies and supermassive black holes in galaxies," the authors said.
The paper appeared in the journal Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan.
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