This Day, That Year: What Happened on September 25

Satish Dhawan was born in 1920

Satish Dhawan was born on September 25, 1920, in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. He was an Indian aerospace engineer and the father of India's space program. He was also the third chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Dhawan received a bachelor's degree in mathematics and physics from the University of Punjab in 1942. After that, he moved to the United States to pursue further studies. He received a master's degree in aeronautical engineering from the University of Minnesota in 1947 and a Ph.D. in aeronautics and mathematics from the California Institute of Technology in 1951.

After completing his studies, Dhawan returned to India and joined the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) as a professor. He became the director of IISc in 1962. In 1972, he was appointed chairman of ISRO.

Under Dhawan's leadership, ISRO made significant progress in space exploration. In 1975, ISRO launched its first satellite, Aryabhata. This was followed by the launch of a number of other satellites, including Bhaskara, INSAT, and IRS. ISRO also developed a number of launch vehicles, including the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV).

Dhawan played a key role in the development of India's remote sensing program, which has been used for a variety of applications, including agriculture, forestry, and disaster management. Dhawan retired from ISRO in 1984. However, he continued to be involved in space research and education. He was the founder and chairman of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, which is one of ISRO's major research and development centers.

Dhawan received numerous awards and honors for his contributions to space research. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan, one of India's highest civilian honors, in 1971. He was also awarded the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian honor, in 1981.

In 1524, Vasco da Gama came to India for the last time as Viceroy

Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer who was best known for being the first European to sail to India by rounding the Cape of Good Hope. He made three voyages to India, and his last voyage was in 1524, when he was appointed Viceroy of Portuguese India.

Da Gama's arrival in India as Viceroy was met with mixed reactions. Some of the Portuguese officials in India were concerned that he would be too harsh and would disrupt the delicate balance of power that they had established with the local rulers. However, others were hopeful that da Gama would be able to bring order to the Portuguese colony and restore its profitability.

Da Gama's time as Viceroy was short-lived. He arrived in India in September 1524 and died in December of the same year. He is believed to have died of malaria.

Despite his short tenure as Viceroy, da Gama made a number of important changes to the Portuguese colony in India. He established a new capital at Goa and strengthened the Portuguese military presence in the region. He also took steps to improve the administration of the colony and to increase trade with Portugal.

Da Gama's death was a major setback for the Portuguese Empire in India. He was a charismatic and capable leader, and he was widely respected by the Portuguese and the Indians alike. His death left a void in the leadership of the Portuguese colony, and it took several years for the Portuguese to recover.